Idan kun fara yin kwaskwarima a wani gida ko gida, tabbas zaku fuskanci buƙatar aikin filastar. Wannan matakin gamawa yana ba ka damar sanya farfajiyar bango ta zama kyakkyawa da kyau. Ofirƙira da shimfidar filastar filastik tsari ne mai matukar wahala wanda ke buƙatar ƙwarewar ƙwarewar ƙwarewa. Amma idan baku shirya juyawa zuwa ƙwararru ba saboda iyakantaccen kasafin kuɗi kuma zakuyi duk aikin ƙare da kanku, duba nasihunmu. Zasu taimake ku don yin kwalliyar bangon da hannayenku da kyau ku kuma ƙirƙirar cikakken ciki.
Fasali:
Filasta shine cakuda don daidaita bangon. Yana ba ka damar shirya saman don kammalawa. Amma wannan ba shine kawai manufarta ba.
Faren bango ya zama dole don:
- daidaita lahani na ƙasa;
- hanawa da dakatar da aikin lalatawa;
- kare tushen bango daga danshi;
- ƙara ƙarfin ɓangarorin bakin ciki;
- inganta zafi da sauti rufin kaddarorin.
Bangon da aka yi wa fenti da kyau shimfidar fuska ce mai santsi ba tare da fasa ko ramuka ba. Irin wannan tushe shine manufa don amfani da ƙarancin kayan ado, ba tare da la'akari da nau'inta ba - zane, zanen yumbu ko fuskar bangon waya. Haɗin filastar suna da abun daban. Zaɓin wani nau'in kayan abu ya dogara da girman abin da aka haɗa da kaddarorin saman da za'a yi amfani da shi.
Za'a iya shirya maganin da kanka ta hanyar haɗawa da ciminti, yashi da ruwa. Koyaya, yana da mafi kyau sosai don amfani da ingantattun kayan hadawa busasshe masu haɗari daga masana'antun abin dogaro. Launin filastar yakamata ya zama tushe mai ƙarfi don sauran ƙarshen.
Duk wani cakuda filastar ya haɗa da abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- filler - yana ba ka damar cimma daidaiton buƙatar maganin, yana ba da buƙata da ƙarfi da ake buƙata;
- m - yana riƙe da ƙwayoyin filler tare kuma tare da bangon bango;
- mai laushi - yana ba da kyakkyawar aikace-aikacen mafita ga bangon, yana haifar da kunna abubuwan haɗin. Yayin kafa shimfidar filastar, siririn yana daskarewa.
Plastics algorithm na plastering ya hada da matakai da yawa, a kowane ɗayan ana warware wasu ayyuka. Ba mu ba ku shawara ku yi watsi da ɗayansu kuma ku bi ƙa'idodin tsarin fasaha wanda aka yi aiki tsawon shekaru.
Abubuwan haɗin abubuwan haɗuwa sun bambanta dangane da dalilin aikin su - daidaito, rufi, ado. Bambance-bambance masu cancanta sun dogara ne da makullin maganin. Fillers da ƙari suna da babbar rawa wajen samar da sauƙin aikace-aikace da ƙarin halaye ga murfin da aka gama.
Nau'o'in filastar, fa'idodin su da rashin dacewar su
Don zaɓar cakuda mai dacewa, kuna buƙatar yanke shawara akan iyakar aikace-aikacen su kuma ku fahimci kaddarorin. Duk za'a iya raba cakuda filastar zuwa manyan kungiyoyi biyu:
- daidaitawa - ana amfani dashi don shirya bango don zane ko fuskar bangon waya, ya bambanta a cikin ɓangaren mai ɗaukar abu da kasancewar abubuwan ƙari a cikin abun, don haɓaka kaddarorin;
- na ado - ana amfani dasu azaman ɗayan zaɓin kammalawa.
Ciminti
Babban m a cikin wannan cakuda shine ciminti. Shi ne yake ba da ƙarfin gamawa. Ana amfani da cakuda na siminti a kowane yanki, yana dacewa da aikin hannu da inji. Kadarorin maƙerin na iya bambanta - dangane da ƙarfin matsewa, juriyar sanyi. Irin wannan filastar ya dace daidai a kan kowane kayan aikin goge gogewa. Iyakar abin da kawai banda shine gypsum plaster. Haɗa ciminti sune mafi wadatar tattalin arziki da daidaito. Za a iya amfani da farin filastar filastin don gamawa.
Siminti-lemun tsami
Irin wannan filastar yana haɗa fa'idodin masu ɗaure duka. A wata arha kaɗan, yana nuna babban matakin:
- ikon mannewa;
- filastik;
- juriya ga fatattaka;
- juriya danshi;
- juriya ga canjin yanayi;
- ƙarfi;
- juriya ga naman gwari samuwar.
Maganin za'a iya dunkule shi da kansa ko kuma a dafa dafa shi. Latterarshen yana ba ka damar cimma matsakaicin sakamako saboda gabatarwar haɓaka abubuwa masu haɓaka cikin abun. Ana amfani da cakuda don daidaita ganuwar ciki da waje, ban da dakuna da yanayin zafi mai yawa.
Zai fi kyau kada a yi amfani da abun a jikin bangon mara ƙarfi saboda tsananin takamaiman nauyi. Hakanan, rashin dacewar sun hada da:
- buƙatar ƙirƙirar sutura mai ɗumbin yawa;
- dogon lokaci na lokacin da ake buƙata don ƙarfin ƙarfi na ƙarshe - har zuwa makonni 3-4;
- rashin yiwuwar yin aiki a kan bango mai santsi ba tare da shiri na musamman ba;
- bai dace da plaster bangon katako ba.
Gypsum
Yana da dogon tarihi - ya bayyana a zamanin da. Yana ba da gudummawa don ƙirƙirar yanayin sauƙin yanayi a cikin ɗaki. Don aikinta, ana amfani da dutse na halitta, wanda aka bushe shi a cikin murhu kuma an niƙa shi. Ana amfani da shi don ado na ciki, amma kwanan nan akwai bambance-bambancen wannan kayan, ɓullo da shi don amfanin waje.
Cikakken daidaiton ya hada da matsakaiciya da babba-cika juzu, don ado don amfani da filler na ingantattun gutsure. Ana iya yin plaster da hannu da inji. Gilashin Gypsum yana dacewa da yumbu, lemun tsami.
Arfin kayan:
- Babban mannewa.
- Kyakkyawan kulawa.
- Babu raguwa.
- Mai sauƙin yashi.
- Yana da babban filastik.
- Terman gajere don warkewa.
- Tsaron wuta.
Fursunoni na gypsum filastar:
- Speedara saurin saiti, wanda ke iyakance lokacin amfani.
- Bukatar tsananin bin fasaha.
- Ba mai juriya ga danshi.
- Babban farashi - in mun gwada da yumbu ko farar ƙasa.
Yumbu
Mafi dadewa daga dukkan nau'ikan filastar da mutane suka sani. Materialsananan kayan da ake ƙera su a zahiri suna kwance ƙarƙashin ƙafafunmu. An shirya maganin daga abubuwanda aka zaɓa da kansu ko kuma aka sayi cakuda bushe. A tarihance, ana amfani da ƙaiƙayi, allurar abarba, da busasshiyar bambaro, sawdust, da taki dokin a matsayin abin cikawa. Godiya ga waɗannan filler, ƙarfi da kaddarorin haɓakar zafin jiki na filastar suna ƙaruwa. Katangar mai yumbu mai laushi tana jin dumi zuwa taɓawa. Ana sarrafa filastik na bayani ta hanyar ƙarin yashi. Adadin da ake buƙata na wannan ɓangaren yana ƙaddara ta amfani da fasaha masu sauƙi empirically. Za'a iya inganta kayan aikin turmi tare da lemun tsami ko ciminti.
Ana amfani da filastar yumbu don daidaitawa da rufe bango. Ana amfani da yumbu mai launi don dalilai na ado.
Babban fa'idodi na filastar yumbu:
- Amintaccen muhalli.
- Maras tsada.
- Babban kulawa.
- Kyakkyawan aikin riƙe zafi.
- Yana aiki azaman mai kayyade yanayi na yanayin ɗanshi.
- Yana ba da damar sake amfani da shi, aikace-aikacen da ba shi da shara - gutsuttsurar tsohuwar filastar za a iya jiƙa ta kuma sake amfani da ita.
- Ya dace da kammala bangon katako.
Daga cikin illolin sune:
- rashin ikon yin tsayayya da danshi - ya zama rigar;
- ta bushe na dogon lokaci - a tsakanin watanni 1-2;
- Layer ya zama aƙalla 10 mm lokacin amfani da shi a bangon lebur, kuma 15 mm zuwa shingles ko itace. In ba haka ba, ba zai yiwu a guji fasa kayan ba.
Na ado
Mai ikon yin wasan kwaikwayo na filastar talakawa da kammalawa a lokaci guda. Za'a iya ƙirƙirar abun adon filastar akan ruwan acrylic, ma'adinai, silicone da sauran filler. Ana bayar da tasirin ado ta:
- Tsarin;
- taimako;
- tsarin launi;
- launuka masu launin translucent masu launuka daban-daban;
- hanyoyi na amfani da alamu ko laushi.
Masana'antu suna ba da mafita mai sassauci waɗanda ke buƙatar ko da tushe da waɗanda aka ƙera - kyale ɓoye ɓarnar fuskar da aka kula da su.
Abubuwan fa'idodi sun haɗa da waɗannan kaddarorin masu haɗakar kayan ado:
- ƙarfi;
- karko;
- juriya ta wuta;
- juriya ga lalacewa;
- yanayin tururi;
- abota da muhalli;
- kayan kwalliya;
- keɓantaccen shafi;
- burgewar tsarin kirkirar zane ko zane da hannunka - zaka iya amfani da kayan da basu dace ba wajen amfani da hoto - burushi, cokula, raga, fina-finai, takarda - duk abinda tunanin mai wasan ya fada.
Babban rashin dacewar irin wannan cakudawar shine tsadar su. Don adana kuɗi, zaku iya shirya abun da kanku.
Silicone
Abubuwan daga ɓangaren farashi mai tsada, wanda aka yi akan silin ɗin silicone, resins. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi abubuwa daban-daban. Shafin da aka yi da irin wannan filastar na roba ne sosai kuma yana da tsayayya da damuwar inji. Domin cire ko karce irin wannan suturar, lallai ne ku yi aiki tuƙuru. Filashin siliki yana da ruwa, don haka yana da kyau don yin ado banɗaki. Shafin daga gare shi yana da matukar tsayayya ga haskoki na ultraviolet, don haka zanen yana riƙe asalin su na asali koda lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye. Kayan yana iya tsayayya da canjin yanayin zafin jiki tare da babban fadada - daga -50 zuwa + digiri 70, yana nuna juriya ga mawuyacin yanayi. Babban adhesiveness na cakuda yana ba da damar cire matakin farko daga fasaha. Suna iya kiyaye asalin bayyanar su sama da shekaru 20. Suna da ƙarfin wuta, basa fitar da guba cikin yanayin.
Ana sayar da kayan azaman haɗuwa masu bushe ko shirye-shiryen amfani da su. Ana amfani dashi don daidaitawa da ƙarewa. Ya dace sosai a kan kankare, silicate na gas, itace, gypsum da daddawaran farar ƙasa. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da cakuda na silicate a kan bango tare da fenti da varnish, varnish da man shafawa. Tsaguwa ba ta samuwa a kan ƙarewa, ba ta raguwa. Zaka iya dawo da rayuwar cakuda mai kauri tare da taimakon ruwa.
Venetian
Shafin mai ɗauke da launuka da yawa yana birge shi, yana ba ku damar kallon miƙaƙƙun tabarau ba tare da tsayawa ba. Tushen ya zama mai santsi kamar yadda ya yiwu. An bango bango da turmi dauke da garin dutse. Baya ga hanyar aikace-aikacen gargajiya, akwai sauran fasahohi. Za a iya rarraba tushen filastar filastar Venetian a matsayin mai laushi. Sauran suna gamawa. Amfani da fasahohi na musamman akan bangon, zaku iya sake yin kwalliya tare da tasirin gwaninta, kwaikwayo na marmara mai laushi, siliki, itacen abin toshewa. Hoton yana nuna zaɓuɓɓukan aiwatarwa don wannan ƙarewar. An samo su ne sakamakon amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na amfani da kayan. An yi amfani da babbar rigar varnish ko kakin zuma zuwa filastar.
Abin mamaki, ba kwa buƙatar siyan maganin filastar mai tsada. Abu ne mai yuwuwa ku sanya shi da kanku daga putty na yau da kullun. Idan aka kwatanta da kayan kwalliyar ma'adinan da aka shirya da kayan kwalliya, zai zama ƙasa da ƙasa. Ana amfani da filastar Venetiya kawai tare da kayan aikin bakin ciki.
Babban fa'idar mutanen Venetia shine kyawawan halayensu da asalinsu.
Rashin fa'idodi sun haɗa da - tsada mai tsada, buƙatar mallakar wata fasahar hadaddun don amfani da kayan, tsadar kwadago.
Textured
Wannan nau'in plaster din ma na tsoffin sojoji ne a dangin kayan kammalawa. Lemun tsami ya kasance a cikin abun a matsayin mai ɗaure na halitta. Yana ba da gaurayawan haɗin muhalli da dukiyar cuta. Sakamakon shine mai ruhun numfashi, mai jure wuta. Za'a iya amfani da abun da ke ciki don daidaita ganuwar kuma azaman filastin kammala rubutu. Mai girma don zanen bango. Yana tafiya da kyau tare da maƙallan ma'adinai - ciminti, gypsum, yumbu. An fahimta ta hanyar cakuda masu bushewa, amma idan ana so, zaku iya shirya mafita daga kayan haɗin kai.
Fa'idodi na filastar rubutu
- Yana ɓoye ƙananan lahani a cikin tushe.
- Ba ya buƙatar ƙarin abubuwan haɗin kwayoyin.
- Yana tsara ƙananan yanayi.
- Ba ya ƙonewa.
- Ba wari.
- Sauƙi don amfani da farfajiya.
- Yana da tsada mai tsada.
Usesasa:
- Rashin juriya na ruwa - wannan raunin za a iya daidaita shi da taimakon kakin kare kariya na kakin zuma ko ƙari na musamman.
- Setarfin ƙarfin isa don ci gaba da aiki yana faruwa ne kawai bayan fewan kwanaki.
Yadda za'a zabi filastar
Da farko, kuna buƙatar yanke shawara - bushe ko rigar nau'in filastar da kuke son amfani da shi. Hanyar busassun ta haɗa da jingina bangon da faranti. Godiya ga amfani da wannan abu, zaku iya saurin aiwatar da aikin. Koyaya, yana da kyau kada ayi amfani da zanan katako na gypsum a cikin ƙananan ɗakuna - zasu ɓoye ɗan ƙaramin fili.
Hanyar "rigar" ta haɗa da daidaita bangon tare da haɗin ginin. Lokacin zabar abin da ake yin plastering, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da kayan da aka yi ganuwar da wurin da suke - a ciki ko wajen ginin.
Yadda za'a shirya farfajiyar don amfani da cakuda filastar
Shirye-shiryen bango muhimmin mataki ne a aikin kammalawa. Dole ne a 'yantar da tushe daga tsohuwar kwalliyar da aka tsabtace, tsabtace daga turɓaya, ƙyalli, tabo na maiko. Wannan yana biyo bayan gyaran ramuka, kwakwalwan kwamfuta da fasa. An rufe bangon da keɓaɓɓen ƙasa kuma an ƙarfafa shi da haɗin haɗin ginin. Wannan cikakken shiri yana da mahimmanci don hana sabon rufin daga walƙiya da zub da jini ta hanyar mai ko tsatsa. Abun share fage tare da kayan aikin antiseptic yana hana katangar ta durƙushe a ƙarƙashin filastar filastar.
Bango mai kankare
Idan ganuwar kankare tayi aiki azaman tushe, dole ne a share ta da wani abu na musamman tare da maɓuran ma'adini. Thearin zai ƙara haɓakar kayan haɗin bangon sosai kuma ya ba da damar cakuda filastar ya dogara da tushe. Concananan filayen suna karɓar filastar gypsum-ciminti da cakuda dangane da gypsum da lemun tsami.
Tsarma gypsum, lemun tsami da ciminti a keɓe daban, kuma ku haɗu wuri ɗaya cikin sifar da aka riga aka shirya. Daidaitawar turmi ya zama mai kauri da daidaito.
Bango bulo
Zaɓin filastar don bangon tubali ba sauki. Ba tare da la'akari da kayan da aka zaɓa ba, ana buƙatar shiri mai inganci mai inganci. Mafi sau da yawa, an riga an rufe ganuwar tubali da tsohuwar filastar. Wajibi ne don kawar da wannan layin, kuma ana iya yin hakan da ruwa da soso. Mun jika farfajiya sau da yawa kuma muna jiran ruwan ya gama shafe maganin gaba ɗaya. Wannan aikin zai taimaka sosai wajen cire kayan da ba su da amfani. A gaba, muna ɗaura kanmu da spatula tare da kaurin fuskar aiki naƙalla aƙalla 1.5-2 mm da guduma kuma buga tsohuwar filastar. Da farko dai kana buƙatar matsa yankin a hankali don tsabtace shi. Saboda wannan, fasa ya bayyana a farfajiyar, wanda zai ba ku damar tura spatula a ciki kuma ku ɗauki murfin. Idan filastar ba ya son faɗuwa a ƙarƙashin matsi, taimaka wa kanku ta hanyar taɓa maɓallin trowel da guduma. Wannan zai sa aikin ya ɗan yi sauƙi.
Bayan cire tsohuwar murfin, ya zama dole a bi da farfajiya tare da injin niƙa ko goga ta waya.Na gaba, yakamata a sanya zurfin da ke tsakanin abubuwan masarufi ta hanyar mm 5-7 don ƙara manne kayan cikin bangon. Bayan haka, ana tsabtace farfajiyar tare da burushi mai laushi kuma an cire ƙura tare da rigar mai danshi. Mataki na ƙarshe shine farkon bango a cikin yadudduka biyu tare da abun da ke samar da zurfin shiga ciki.
Kumfa kankare bango
Yawancin gine-ginen zamani an gina su ta amfani da wannan kayan. Dole ne ba kawai a fara sararin samaniya da tubalin tubalin da siminti mai ɗamara ya zama tilas ba, amma kuma an ƙarfafa shi da raga mai ƙarfafawa ta musamman ko zaren fiberlass "serpyanka" Don kera turmi, zaka iya amfani da gypsum, gaurayayyen lemun tsami-siminti.
Katangar katako
Kafin fara fara aikin bangon katako, ya kamata ka bi da su da mahaɗan kariya daga naman gwari da ƙwarin beetles. Bayan wannan, kuna buƙatar yin lattice na musamman na slats na katako - shingles. Samfurin yana da nau'in raga. An gyara shingle a bango tare da kusoshi. Ba a maido da fasten a bango ba. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a tuna cewa ana buƙatar tura ƙusoshin cikin rabi kawai, kuma saman tare da murfin ya lanƙwasa, dannawa saman.
Maimakon "shingles", zaka iya amfani da raga na musamman na ƙarfe don ƙarfafa facades. An gyarashi a bango kafin filastar.
Tsarin plaster bango da hannunka
Filashi abu ne mai wahala kuma yana cin lokaci. Idan har yanzu kun yanke shawarar yin shi da kanku, muna bada shawarar amfani da dubaru. Mun gabatar da cikakkun bayanai don farawa.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata da kayan aiki
Don kammala aikin, ba za ku iya yin ba tare da:
- busassun filastar mix, share fage, putty;
- zanen katako, dowels, sukurori;
- guduma, mashi, injin niƙa ko almakashi don ƙarfe;
- drills tare da perforator tare da saitin rawar, mahaɗin gini da kwantena don haɗa maganin;
- matakin gini, ma'aunin tef;
- dogon zare, alama;
- fadi da kunkuntar spatula, buroshi da abin nadi, mulki da ƙarfe.
Kari akan haka, kuna buƙatar tufafin aiki, hat, tabarau, safar hannu.
Fallasa fitilu
Don daidaita ganuwar kuma, idan ya cancanta, samar da wani kauri na kauri mai yawa, ana yin plaster ana yin amfani da katako. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da katako na katako, bayanan martaba na ƙarfe, sandunan rectangular gypsum. Gidaje masu haske suna sauƙaƙa aikin, suna ba da garantin aikace-aikace kodayake da rarraba cakuda, wanda aka daidaita akan su ta amfani da doka.
Shigarwa na tashoshi ana yin shi kamar haka. Wajibi ne a dunƙule abin buga ƙwanƙwasa kai tsaye zuwa bango nesa da 5 cm daga rufi da 40 cm daga kusurwa. Mun dunƙule a cikin dunƙule na gaba kai tsaye a ƙarƙashinsa, muna komawa daga bene tare da layin pamita na cm 5. Zana layi daga ɗaya dunƙulen zuwa ɗaya kuma auna nisan da ke tsakaninsu. Kaɗan rage sakamakon da aka samu, yanke sandar daga bayanin martaba na ƙarfe daidai da tsayin wannan layin. Muna jefawa akan layin tubercles da yawa na cakuda filastar kuma latsa bayanan martaba a ciki ta yadda farfajiyar ta kasance daidai da ƙirar murfin. Cire sukurorin kuma maimaita aikin a kusurwar kishiyar. Muna nuna fitila na gaba a tazarar mita 1-1.5. Muna bincika tsayuwarsu ta amfani da igiya mai shimfiɗa. Ingancin farfajiyar da aka kafa ya dogara da ita. Bayan amfani da maganin, yakamata a cire fitilar kuma sauran raunannun yakamata a cika da filastar. Fitilar filastar baya buƙatar cirewa idan ana amfani da haɗin gypsum.
Ka'idojin shirya mafita
A baya, munyi la'akari da nau'ikan mafita na filastar, amma yanzu ya cancanci ambaton wasu nuances na abubuwa daban-daban.
- Don yin cakuda ciminti, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar sassan yashi 3 da ɓangaren ciminti 1. Wajibi ne don amfani da wannan maganin a cikin awa ɗaya bayan hadawa. Sabili da haka, ya kamata ku shirya kayan a ƙananan ƙananan kuma amfani da shi zuwa bango da sauri kuma ba tare da tsangwama ba. In ba haka ba, abun da ke ciki zai fara bushewa kuma ya saita, kuma ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da shi ba.
- Cakuda-lemun tsami an hada shi da kashi 1 na suminti, kashi 1 na lemun tsami da kuma yashi 5 na yashi.
- Don shirya filastar gypsum, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar sassa 3 na lemun tsami, wanda ya tuna da ƙimar da ƙullin, da kuma wani ɓangare na 1 na gypsum foda. Irin wannan kayan suna kama da sauri, don haka dole ne a tsarma shi nan da nan kafin aikace-aikace.
Yadda za a lissafa adadin da ake buƙata na bayani
Yana da matukar wahala ka lissafa adadin kayan da ake bukata a karan kanka. Lissafi na kan layi na musamman na iya taimaka maka tare da wannan. Yana ƙayyade adadin cakuda da kuke buƙata ta amfani da dabara. A cewarsa, farashin abin da aka cakuda filastar sun yi daidai da samfurin da ake amfani da shi don cakuda ta yankin da ɗakin da ke shimfidawa. Valueimar da aka samu zai taimaka muku aƙalla kusan kewaya yayin sayen haɗin.
Ofarfafa filastar
Marfafa ƙarfin zai iya sa fasa ya zama bayyane, amma ba zai hana fasa ba.
Akwai nau'ikan raga daban don ƙarfafa bango:
- karfe - ba makawa don yin bangon bango tare da fitattun maganganu da ƙa'idodi waɗanda zasu iya wuce 4-5 cm Don daidaita irin waɗannan ɗakunan, ana buƙatar kayan aiki mai kauri. Koyaya, yana iya fitowa bayan bushewa. Metalarfe mai ƙarfe mai ƙwanƙwasa tare da ramuka da suka wuce 4 mm zai taimaka don hana irin wannan ci gaban abubuwan. Ya fi filastik ƙarfi, wanda zai iya shan wahala daga ma'amala tare da mawuyacin yanayi na cakuda ciminti-yashi;
- filastik - zanen zane tare da girman raga 2-3 mm. Ana amfani da shi lokacin kammalawa tare da putty ko yayin amfani da siririn filastar filastik;
- fiberglass
Ba za a iya ƙarfafa ƙarfafa ba gaba ɗaya a kan bangon duka ba, amma kawai a ɗakunan abubuwan rufin rufi daban-daban da cikakkun bayanai game da tsari. Amma yayin yin rufin soro, ko lokacin da aka gama sabon gini wanda bai yanke ba tukuna, ya zama dole a ƙarfafa duka yankin da za a gama.
Kada a tsallake raga mai karfafawa. Fasawan da zasu iya samarwa zuwa zurfin zurfin filastar filastar zai haifar da buƙatar sake yin kwalliyar gaba ɗaya rufin ko aƙalla murfin putty.
Kusar filastar
Ana samun kusurwa masu lankwasa da gangarowa ko'ina - duka a cikin tsoffin gine-ginen Soviet da cikin gine-ginen zamani. Sabili da haka, ɗayan hanyoyin tilas a cikin aikin filastar shine daidaitawar sasanninta. Idan ba kwa son alamuran fuskar bangon waya su gurbata, amma ya dauki ninkin-ba-ninkin manne tiles na yumbu, kar ku manta da wannan muhimmin matakin.
Duk kusurwoyin ciki da na waje suna ƙarƙashin daidaitawa.
An kafa kusurwar ciki bisa ga makirci mai zuwa:
- mun saita fitilu a cikin hanyar da za ta haɗa jiragen bango a kusurwar dama. Idan akwai adadi mai yawa na kusurwa a cikin karamin yanki, ba za ku iya bin abin da ke tsaye ba - har yanzu ba zai bugu ba;
- a hankali daidaita bango na farko ta amfani da doka, trowel da spatula. Yayin aiki muna mai da hankali kan tashoshi;
- lokacin da turmi akan wannan bangon ya kama, zai yuwu a fara sarrafa farfajiyar kusa da ita. A wannan matakin, yakamata ku yi amfani da spatula tare da takaddar fata don hana shafawa akan jirgin da ya riga ya daidaita;
Idan ana so, nan da nan za ku iya filastar bangon da ke kusa da kai. A wannan yanayin, bai kamata a kawo ƙa'idar zuwa kusurwa ba, yana tsayawa 5-10 cm a gabansa. Wadannan ratsiyoyin zasu buƙaci daidaitawa da hannu.
- siffar kusurwa ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman tare da ruwa mai lanƙwasa. Mun zana daga sama zuwa ƙasa don cire cakuda mai yawa kuma ƙirƙirar layin haɗin gwiwa bayyananne;
- mun yanke ragowar filastar tare da spatula lokacin da abun ya fara farawa.
Umurnin-mataki-mataki don cire kusurwar waje.
- Mun jefa maganin akan jirgin sama ta amfani da matattarar ruwa. Mun sanya kayan a kan kusurwa tare da gefe;
- Muna cire cakuda mai yawa ta amfani da doka, da farko daga bango ɗaya, sannan daga ɗayan. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata doka ta dogara da tashoshin wuta da kuma kwana;
- Ta amfani da spatulas da rabi-trowels, muna gyara laifofin da ke akwai azaman doka. Idan akwai damuwa, to rufe su da karamin maganin kuma daidaita su;
- Muna yin matakin karshe na ganuwar ta hanyar matsar da doron dogo a tsayi. Kada ruwan ruwan ya taɓa sassan karfe ko na roba.
Idan kusurwar tana kan hanyar wucewa, ana bada shawarar a zagaye ta dan kadan. Wannan zai tseratar da kai daga bayyanar kwakwalwan kwamfuta, wanda babu makawa zai iya kasancewa a haɗuwa mai kaifi.
Plaarshen filastar bango
Wannan shine matakin karshe na aikin filastar, wanda zai sanya bango a shirye don gamawa ta ƙarshe. Don wannan, zaku iya amfani da cakuda ciminti, gypsum, kayan polymer. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan tsari zaiyi aiki sosai don kammala gashi.
Ayyuka na gama filastar:
- Rabu da kowane ɓarna ta hanyar cika su da kayan abu.
- Kare bango daga damuwar inji - kuna buƙatar haɗin abun inganci.
- Createirƙiri farfajiya mai kyau da taushi ko sauƙi.
Dole ne ayi amfani da kayan aiki tare da abubuwa iri ɗaya. Wannan zai tabbatar da babban matakin mannewa.
Filayen gamawa yakamata ya sami:
- juriya ga lalacewar inji;
- kyakkyawan matakin rufin sauti;
- yanayin tururi;
- juriya danshi;
- ikon kara girman riƙe zafi;
- bayyanar ado.
Don samun aikin yi, kuna buƙatar:
- rawar soja tare da mahautsini;
- akwati don haɗuwa da cakuda;
- spatulas - kunkuntar da fadi.
Matakan aikace-aikace:
- An fesa shi don samar da siradin siririn tushe. Wajibi ne don ƙara mannewar bango da ƙasa.
- Primer shine babban filastar filastik da ake amfani dashi don daidaita yanayin. Muna rufe feshi tare da ƙasa kuma rarraba shi da kyau tare da jirgin bango. A sakamakon haka, bangon ya zama daidai, kusan cikakke.
- Rufewa - yana ba ka damar yin shimfidar ƙasa da santsi.
Bayan layin gama ya bushe, ana nika shi, kuma za a iya ci gaba zuwa ƙarshen kayan ado.
Filato ba tare da tashoshi ba
Idan dacewar bangon ba shi da mahimmanci a gare ku, kuma kuna shirin kawar da lahani da ƙananan kurakurai tare da taimakon kayan tushe, yin kwalliya a kan hasken wuta ba lallai ba ne.
Matakan aiki:
- Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da kayan siriri, yi amfani da matattarar ruwa, kuma samar da kauri mai kauri tare da spatula.
- Amfani da doka, muna shimfiɗa cakuda, motsawa daga ƙasa zuwa sama da zuwa tarnaƙi. Muna yin haka a tsaye.
- Idan, bayan layin farko ya bushe, ana kafa ramuka, na biyu ya kamata a kafa.
- Bayan jiran farfajiyar ta bushe gaba daya, sai mu shafa shi da lema mai filastik.
Ana amfani da filastar ba tare da fitilu don daidaita bango tare da ƙananan bambance-bambance. Tun da babu wani abin da za a mai da hankali a kai, kana buƙatar bincika ingancin aiki sau da yawa ta amfani da matakin gini. An gabatar da cikakken kundin aji a cikin bidiyon.
Fasali na filastar fuskar bangon waya ba tare da sa ba
Idan ganuwar bayan yin amfani da filastar sun zama sun isa sosai kuma sun zama masu santsi, ba a buƙatar aikace-aikacen abin gamawa kafin a manna fuskar bangon waya.
Wasu lokuta ya zama dole don ƙarfafa filastar filastar. Misali, idan ginshiƙin an haɗa shi da siminti mai haɗin siminti ko yayin haɗuwa da nau'ikan kayan aiki, misali, tubali da kankare. A wannan yanayin, an ƙarfafa bango tare da zaren fiberlass tare da ƙwayoyin 5 mm. An ɗora keɓaɓɓun tare da haɗuwa, yayin da kowane ɗayan da ke biye ya rufe na baya da 10-20 cm. Ana amfani da maganin daga sama kuma ƙanƙan ya fara.
Matakan ƙarshe suna yin kwalliya da santsi. Don wannan, tushe yana da laushi tare da soso mai laushi, burushi ko kwalba mai fesawa. Sa'an nan kuma ɗauki grater kuma goge sassan a cikin motsi madauwari. Idan bayan haka akwai zoben zobe, zamu aiwatar da aikin laushi. Muna jiran faranti ya zama maras faɗi, kuma muna sarrafa bangon da matse ko spatula.
Ganuwar filastar don zane
Shirya ganuwar yafi wuya ga zanen mai zuwa fiye da fuskar bangon waya. Fenti ba zai yi kyau a bango mara kyau ba. Yawancin lokaci ana buƙatar riguna 3-4 na putty.
Hakan yana biye da fata - kuna buƙatar ƙwarewa don yin wannan aikin. Duk wani kasada da wuraren da aka tsaftace mara kyau tabbas zai bayyana kuma zai kasance bayyane sosai a ƙarƙashin zanen. Rushewar haske zai jaddada rashin daidaiton ganuwar. Lokacin tsabtace ganuwar, ya zama dole a haskaka bangon da fitila, tana ba da hasken da ya watsa a bango. Wannan zai taimaka wajen gano lahani a cikin shimfidar da aka shirya. Don sanding, kuna buƙatar amfani da raga Mai lamba 240.
Faren bango don fale-falen
Ba shi yiwuwa a lika fale-falen a kan bango mara daidaituwa tare da inganci. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a daidaita tare da filastar. Wannan zai rage yawan amfani da abin da ake lika tayal, ya hana tayal ta zamewa, kuma aikin saka kayan kanta zai zama da sauƙin aiwatarwa.
Don shirya bango don manna tiles, kuna buƙatar ingantaccen filastar. Babban inganci bai dace ba a wannan yanayin. Ba a buƙatar mai haske na ƙarshe ba - har yanzu bangon zai ɓoye ƙarƙashin ƙarancin ado. Kari akan haka, daskararrun wurare zasuyi tsoma baki ne kawai tare da kafaffen tiles masu nauyi.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani da filastar injiniya
Kirkirar aikin filastar yana ba ka damar sarrafa dukkan matakan - daga narkar da abin har ya rufe bango da turmi.
An zubar da abun a cikin tashar filastar ta musamman, wacce zata fara shirya maganin. Bayan haka, maigidan ya shafa ruwan magani a bango tare da tiyo kuma ya daidaita abin da aka shimfiɗa.
Amfanin amfani da filastar injiniya:
- Adadin samuwar sutura ya ninka sau 4-5 sama da na gargajiya.
- Ajiye a kan saka - Layer 1 ya isa, yayin aikace-aikacen hannu yana buƙatar 2-3.
- Kudin cakuda don aikace-aikacen inji shine 30-40% ƙasa da wannan don makamancin wannan don aikace-aikacen hannu.
Rashin amfani:
- Yana da wahala a dauke kayan aiki masu nauyi zuwa bene. Idan bai dace ba a cikin lif, to zai yi wuya a yi amfani da shi.
- Don kammala aikin, ya zama dole don haɗa kayan aiki zuwa cibiyar sadarwar lantarki.
- Ana iya samun fa'idodin tattalin arziki kawai lokacin kammala manyan wurare daga murabba'in mita 100 zuwa 150.
Kammalawa
Yanzu kun san yadda ake filastar bango da hannuwanku. Yin shi da kanka bashi da wahala sosai, koda kuwa ku sababbi ne ga wannan kasuwancin. Za'a iya horon fasaha a hanya. Yi aiki akan ƙaramin ɓangaren bango kafin a ci gaba da ainihin kammalawa.
