Filin ƙasa kusa da gidan ƙasa ba yanki ne na propertyari da freedomanci daga maƙwabta a shafin a cikin gidan birni ba, yana da damar bayyana kanku, burinku, tunanin ku tare da kayan aikin yanayi - bishiyoyi, furanni, ruwa, duwatsu. Abu ne mai wuyar kirkirar ƙirar shimfiɗa ta gidan ƙasa da hannuwanku, amma ƙwarewar kula da shuke-shuke, ɗanɗano na fasaha, da aiki tuƙuru za a buƙaci har yanzu.
Babban abu ba shine garajewa ba, don kusanci tsarin shafin da gangan, sakamakon tabbas zai faranta, watakila ba nan take ba, amma sai bayan fewan shekaru. Amma wannan ba abin firgita bane, saboda tsarin tsarin shimfidar wuri kanta abin farin ciki ne. Da zarar kun sami babban sakamako, ba za ku iya tsayawa ba.
Farawa shine farkon farawa
Lokacin fara shimfidar shimfidar wuri na gidan gidan ƙasa, bincika shi a hankali, kimanta fa'idodi da fa'idodi, musamman kula da:
- wurin da shafin yake dangane da mahimmin maki;
- siffar, taimako - kasancewar tsaunuka, tsaunuka, ravuka, ramuka;
- tsire-tsire masu girma - manyan bishiyoyi, shrubs, perennials;
- abun da ke ciki, ingancin ƙasa (ganyayen daji suna ƙayyade yanayin ƙasar sosai);
- wurin da gidan yake;
- matakin kasa.
Lokacin fara aikin inganta rukunin yanar gizon ku, ku kasance a shirye don ƙare shi. Inganta ƙasa hanya ce mai ci gaba mai alaƙa da farko da tsire-tsire. Tsire-tsire suna girma, suna buƙatar shayarwa, yankewa, weeds, dasawa, suna raye, amma rayuwa ba zata iya tsayawa da daskarewa a sakamakon ba.
Hasken ƙasa, kariya daga iska, arewa maso yamma iska ya dogara da wurin da yake da alaƙa da maɓallan kadinal. A gefen arewacin shafin, yana da kyau a tsara kariya daga manyan shuke-shuke masu jurewar sanyi, babban shinge. Kuna iya sanya gine-gine a wannan ɓangaren. A gefen kudu, zai zama mai daɗi ga shuke-shuken 'ya'yan itace na thermophilic, gadajen kayan lambu, gadajen filawa.
Wuraren wahala ba koyaushe ya dace ba. Wannan yanayin yanayin zancen shimfidar wuri ne, lokacin da masu sauƙaƙe ke juyawa cikin sauƙi. Gangar da aka shirya tare da matakala tare da matakan dutse, ko bango mai riƙewa, gabion kusa da kwarin, zai yi wa wurin kyau ado. Hawan ƙasa yana da kyau don nunin faifai mai tsayi, kuma fadama ƙasa da kandami. Siffar makircin ya tsara layuka don dasa bishiyoyi da shrub, wurin hanyoyin, wuraren shakatawa.
Oldarfin tsoffin bishiyoyi ainihin taskar ƙasa ce. Ta hanyar sanya babban itace a tsakiya, zaka iya ƙirƙirar keɓaɓɓen abun da ke ciki. Dogayen manya-manyan tsire-tsire suna ƙara girma zuwa sararin da ke kewaye. Idan ba a buƙatar tsofaffin bishiyoyi a kan rukunin yanar gizon ba, suna tsoma baki tare da salon gama gari, kar a yi hanzarin cire su har sai shuka mai dacewa ta girma. Manya-manyan shuke-shuke suna riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa yayin lokutan bushewa, a lokutan damina suna zubar da shi da kyau, a cikin zafin rana suna karewa daga zafin rana, suna rufewa daga iska mai sanyi a cikin mummunan yanayi. Ba zai dauki dogon lokaci ba ka sare babban itace, amma zai dauki shekaru da dama ya girma. Ta hanyar cire tsofaffin tsofaffin bishiyoyi, zaku fallasa rukunin yanar gizon na dogon lokaci, na tsawon shekaru 20-30, har sai lokacin da sabbin shuka suka bunkasa, ta haka kuma zai kara lalata yanayin rashin ingancin shafin.
Tsarin shimfidar wuri mai nasara na kewayen birni kyakkyawan microclimate ne.
Decorativeness, ladabi na shafin da aka samu ta hanyar samar da mafi kyau duka microclimate ga shuke-shuke girma. Idan ba a sadu da wannan ma'anar ba, kula da tsire-tsire zai buƙaci gagarumin ƙoƙari.
Yana da wuya a gano fasalin ƙasar nan take, wani lokacin yakan ɗauki shekaru da yawa don watsi da noman kowane tsiro saboda ƙasa mara kyau. Nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasar zai bayyana halin da ake ciki, amma ingancin kasar a wani yanki na iya bambanta a tazarar mitoci da yawa. Kwarewa da lura zasu zama masu ceton rai a nan, kuma idan baku da gogewa, kawai ku ƙi shuka shuke-shuke waɗanda ba su da kyau a kan rukunin yanar gizonku tare da kulawa da kyau, don haka za ku adana kuzari da jijiyoyi.
Wurin ginin mahalli a cikin zurfin shafin zai zama babban ƙari. Irin wannan shimfiɗar yana ba da ta'aziyya, tsaro, ɓoye daga idanun idanu, baƙon gidan da kyau. Entranceofar da aka tsara da kyau da kuma hanyar mota tana ba da faɗin shimfidar wuri mai ƙarfi da aminci. Sa'a mara kyau tare da shimfidawa, gidan yana kusa da hanya, kuma makircin yana bayansa? Ana iya inganta yanayin ta hanyar yin kwalliyar shimfidar shimfidar waje mai kyau, baranda mai dadi daga gefen makircin. Zai fi kyau sanya gini a gefen arewacin shafin don kare shi daga sanyi da kuma yin amfani da hasken rana sosai a gefen kudu.
Ruwan karkashin kasa shine "rami" wanda yake lalata lambunan da ke riga furannin aan shekaru bayan shuka. Tabbatacce, bada givinga firstan farko, itacen apple sun fara mutuwa ba gaira ba dalili, ceri baya girma kwata-kwata, kuma ruwa yana taruwa a ginshikin gidan. Nazarin matakin ruwan karkashin kasa shine farkon farko, mafi mahimmanci binciken da yakamata ayi yayin zabar wani shafi. Idan ruwan karkashin kasa yana kusa da kusan mita ɗaya da rabi daga farfajiyar ƙasa, za a buƙaci ƙarin magudanan ruwa.
Bayan kimanta fa'idodi da fa'idodi na yankin, zaku iya ci gaba zuwa cikakken tsari.
Zane-zane - tushen aiki mai tsari
Wataƙila kai mutum ne mai kirkira kuma zai iya ƙirƙirar shimfidar wuri ta hanyar wahayi, a yau - fure mai fure ta shirayi, da gobe - gazebo a bayan gidan. Artistwararren mai fasaha ba zai kuskura ya zana hoto ba tare da zane na farko ba. Yin aiki a kan shafin ba tare da tsari ba, kuna da haɗarin ƙirƙirar tarin abubuwa na ƙananan siffofin gine-gine da tsirrai na tsire-tsire. Hakanan har yanzu kuna sake maimaita komai, tsari da tsarawa.
Aikin zane-zane na farko zai adana lokaci, ƙoƙari da kuɗi, zai ba ku damar ganin rukunin yanar gizon yadda ya dace, kuma buɗe sabbin dama. Keɓe wasu maraice don yin tunani sosai game da aikin.
A wannan matakin ya zama dole:
- Haskaka yankunan aiki;
- Zabi salon salon, ado mai dacewa;
- Yi tunani a kan wurin shafukan yanar gizo, waƙoƙi;
- Zaɓi hanyar shinge;
- Yanke shawara game da tsarin ban ruwa;
- Ci gaba da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki don sadarwar lambun, fasaha da hasken ado.
Yankunan aiki
Wannan ya hada da wurare don shakatawa - gazebos, farfajiyoyi, farfajiyoyi, kusurwoyin lambu masu daɗi, gidajen shayi. Aiki mai amfani ne kawai ana yin ta ne daga lambun kayan lambu (duk da cewa ana iya sanya shi ado). Wajibi ne a yanke shawara a wani wuri don amfanin gona, 'ya'yan itace. Idan an samarda gidajen ruwa, hotbeds an shirya su, ku fayyace wurin da suke. Smallaramin tafki - kandami tare da shuke-shuke na ruwa, wurin iyo a cikin yanayi mai zafi zai ƙawata shafin sosai. Don busassun ƙasa a gefen rana, zaku iya shirya nunin faifai mai tsayi. Tabbatar sanya alamar ciyawar ku.
Lawn, har ma da ƙarami, zai zama ƙawancen lambun a kowane lokaci na shekara. A ƙarshen kaka, yana farantawa ido ido tare da ɗanyun ciyayi har zuwa dusar ƙanƙara, kuma a cikin bazara yana rayar da gonar har sai ganye sun yi fure a kan bishiyoyi. A lokacin rani, yana aiki ne azaman kyakkyawar ƙasa don shuke-shuke masu furanni.
Don dafa nama a waje, la'akari da yankin barbecue wanda ba shi da wuta, kariya daga ruwan sama da iska. Don yara, shirya kayan aiki don wurin wasan - sandbox, lilo, gidajen yara.
Salon shugabanci. Zaɓin salon ya dogara da fifikon mutum da iyawa. Filin da ke kusa da gidan ya kamata ya yi farin ciki duk lokacin da kuka kusance shi, dawowa daga aiki, daga tafiya, ko kawai ku fita don sha'awar furannin da sassafe. Zaɓi salon ƙirar shimfidar wuri wanda ranku zai amsa, kuma tabbas za a sami dama don aiwatarwa.
- Salo na yau da kullun na lambunan Ingilishi yana buƙatar dandano mara kyau, kulawa na lawn, tsire-tsire, saka hannun jari mai mahimmanci - don shimfidawa, ɗakunan furanni masu ado, zane-zane, shuke-shuke, kayan lambun;
- Salon kyakkyawar haske na Bahar Rum yana haifar da haɗuwa da dutse - marmara, duwatsu na teku, abubuwan katako (arches, pergolas, terraces) da tsire-tsire.
Ta hanyar haɓaka kowane salo tare da kayan marmari masu ɗimbin yawa, zaku iya cimma ma'anar shimfidar wuri a kowane lokaci na shekara.
- Salon Jafananci bashi da sauki kamar yadda ake gani da farko. Ana samun bayyanannun siffofin ta hanyar zaɓin shuke-shuke daidai, kyakkyawan tunani, shimfidar lafazi, ƙarin kayan ado tare da duwatsu, kayan haɗin katako.
- Tsarin shimfidar wuri a cikin salon "yanayin daji" shine mafi ƙarancin tsada kuma sauƙaƙe ya dace da taimakon da ake ciki. Wannan shine mafi kyawun zaɓi idan kunzo gidan ƙasa kawai a ƙarshen mako kuma baku da damar kulawa da shuke-shuke a kai a kai.
- Salon tsattsauran ra'ayi mai sauƙi ne don aiwatarwa, yana kusa da ruhu zuwa ga "daji" na halitta, amma ana haɓaka shi da abubuwan asali na itace kamar keken ko ƙafa daga gare ta, tukwanen yumbu, willow wickerwork, ado mai sauƙi mara ƙaran tsire-tsire - nasturtium, sunflower, mallow.
Yakamata a tsara fasalin shimfidar wuri da ke zagaye da gidan ƙasar cikin salo tare da gida da gine-gine.
Hanyoyi da dandamali
Hanyoyi suna haɗa gidan tare da yankuna masu aiki, ba ku damar zagayawa cikin yanayin a cikin yanayin ruwa ba tare da wata matsala ba, kuma ku samar da lissafin ciki na yankin. Hanyoyin hanyoyin ya dogara da zaɓin salon lambun.
Salo na yau da kullun yana buƙatar mai yawa, har ma, shimfidawa iri ɗaya, Bahar Rum ya fi sassauƙa - a nan haɗuwa da abubuwa daban-daban ana karɓa - dutse, itace, pebbles, mosaic ya gama. A cikin tsattsauran ra'ayi, na ɗabi'a, da yanayin shimfidar wuri, hanyoyin da aka yayyafa da bawon pine, waɗanda aka jera da da'ira na katako, ko kuma kawai hanyoyin lawn suna yiwuwa.
Hanyoyi da shingen da aka shimfiɗa sun kawata shimfidar ƙasa, sun sauƙaƙa da kula da lambun da motsawa a ciki. Bayan nuna hasashe a cikin ƙirar waƙoƙi da hannunka, da gaske zaka iya samun murfin ban mamaki tare da ƙaramin saka hannun jari.
Wasan zorro
Abu mai mahimmanci, mafi tsada a tsarin shimfidar wuri na gidan ƙasa, ya dogara ne, da farko, akan maƙasudin - ko shingen an yi niyya ne don kariya daga shiga ba tare da izini ba ko kuma rarraba yankunan da ke kusa kusa da alama.
Bayan ƙayyade dalilin, kuna buƙatar la'akari da yanayin kwalliyar gidan da kuma, daidai da haka, duk shafin. Brick da shinge duwatsu tare da abubuwan baƙin ƙarfe za su dace da gidan gida na Ingilishi tare da lambun yau da kullun. Wani shingen wicker da aka yi da Willow zai yi ado mai kyau da kuma kare gidan ƙasa a cikin salon tsattsauran ra'ayi tare da shimfidar "daji", kuma shinge da aka yi da takaddun da aka yi rubutu zai "kashe" mafi kyawun baranda kusa da gidan.
Babu wata hanyar da za a zaɓi shinge wanda ya dace da salo don zaɓar yanayin shimfidar wuri? Yi ado da shinge tare da shimfidar wuri a tsaye, kayan katako (trellises, allo), shrubs, bishiyoyi.
Tsarin ban ruwa
Kashi 70% na kulawar shuka ban ruwa ne. Tabbas, zaku iya iyakance ku da ruwan sha na lambu na yau da kullun, amma kuna buƙatar kimanta yawan lokacin da farashin jiki tare da wannan hanyar.
Kasuwa ta zamani ta kayan kwalliya ga lambun lambu da lambun lambu tana ba da tsarin ban ruwa mai yawa, daga hoses masu sauƙi tare da nozzles zuwa tsarin atomatik mai ƙarfi wanda yake gujewa aikin hannu gabaɗaya, sarrafa ƙanshi na manyan shuka.
Lokacin zayyana shuka a kusa da gidan, tabbatar da kimanta damar samun ruwa, idan ba ayi hakan a gaba ba, to zai zama abin bakin ciki sosai duba da yadda kyawawan kwayoyi masu tsada na furanni, bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi suka bushe a ƙarƙashin hasken rana.
Bayar da wutar lantarki da haske. Kulawa, ado na yankin yana buƙatar kayan lantarki - tashar famfo, tsarin yin famfo don kandami, wurin wanka, rafi. Zai yiwu a yi amfani da injin yankan wutar lantarki kuma, ba shakka, kunna yankin. Dukkanin tsarin wutar lantarki an taru don amfani dasu a cikin yanayin yanayi mai danshi. Yana da kyau idan haɗin fasaha ya rabu da hasken ado.
Maganin ci gaba na matsalolin fasaha na wutar lantarki da samar da ruwa zai cece ku daga aikin hannu mai wahala yayin shimfidar wuri da hannuwanku, ba da lokaci don hutu mai daɗi da haƙiƙar gaske.
Zaɓin shuke-shuke
- Wannan shine mafi mahimmin mataki a cikin zanen shimfidar wuri na wani yanki na kewayen birni na kowane salon kwalliya.
Dole ne tsire-tsire su dace da yankin canjin yanayin da gidan yake. Duk yadda ka nade dabinon dabino don hunturu, ba zai yi sanyi ba a yankin Moscow. Yawancin lambu masu ƙwarewa suna yin wannan kuskuren, suna ƙoƙari su "fusata" 'yan kudu a tsakiyar hanyar hunturu. Sakamakon a bayyane yake, amma yunƙurin fallasa mazaunan ƙauyuka zuwa maye gurbi na hunturu bai tsaya ba.
- Isasshen zafi. Fadama, tsire-tsire na bakin teku ba za su iya yin girma a kan busasshiyar ƙasa mai duwatsu ba, kuma succulents za su “yi wahala” kuma su ruɓe kusa da kandami. Bukatun danshi na tsire-tsire suna da mahimmanci a gare su.
- Hasken wuta. Shuke-shuke a wurare masu haske za su shimfida cikin inuwa su daina yauwa sosai. Jinsi masu jurewa inuwa "kuna" a rana mai zafi, ba su ci gaba cikin cikakken ƙarfi, "ƙyauta" daga zafin rana. Shuka shukoki, tsire-tsire masu fure, ya danganta da hasken wurin, zai ba kowace shuka damar bayyana kanta a cikin dukkan ɗaukakarta.
Kada ku yi sauri. Kun dasa shuki, amma yana “daskarewa”, baya girma? Kar a taba shi, kar a lalata shi, kar ayi dasawa. Duk wani tsiro yana buƙatar "sabawa" a cikin sabon wuri, ƙarfafawa, saiwarsa da kyau. Tsarin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zai buƙaci kwanaki da yawa, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire - shekara guda, da kuma mai ɗaure ciki - shekaru 2-3.
Tsarin bishiyoyi masu fa'ida na rukunin yanar gizon an kafa su ta manyan bishiyoyi masu tsayi. Shrubs sun cika "matrix" na manyan bishiyoyi, furanni sun yi ado, sunyi masa kyau. Shafin ba tare da manya-manya ba yana da kyau, bai ƙare ba. Idan bishiyoyi basu riga sun girma ba, akwai hanya mai sauƙi don ƙara ƙarin ƙarar zuwa gonar tare da aikin lambu na tsaye - bango, kan baka da pergolas, tare da taimakon hawa shuke-shuke ('ya'yan inabi budurwa, hops, nau'ikan clematis daban-daban).
Don kyakkyawan yanayin yanayi akan shafin, don rage lalacewar tsire-tsire ta hanyar kwari, cututtuka, yana da kyau a guji dasa ɗumbin al'adu, da kuma aikin cakuda shuka. Zai fi dacewa a shuka tsirrai masu tsayi, masu tsananin sanyi daga ɓangarorin arewa, arewa maso yamma na rukunin yanar gizon, da kuma masu son ɗumi-mai ɗumi-daga ɓangarorin gabas da kudu.
Don rage yawan aikin shuka, dasa shukoki zuwa gadajen fure da gadajen filawa, zai fi kyau dasa shukokin-hunturu, su cika gibin da ke tsakaninsu da furannin shekara-shekara masu haske. Ka'idar dasa shuki a kan gado itace shuke-shuke masu tsayi a wani yanki mai nisa, kasa a tsakiya, kananan filayen furanni masu iyaka a gefen gefen.
Haɗin launuka dangane da lokacin furanni, launuka ba iyaka iyaka. Shekaru biyu na gwajin shimfidar wuri na DIY zasu taimaka muku samun zaɓin da kuka fi so. Kada ku ji tsoro don gwaji, babban abu shine kuyi shi da ƙauna ga shuke-shuke, kuma tabbas za su gode.
Lokacin da shimfidar shimfidar wuri ta gidan ƙasa, akwai wata dokar zinariya. Karka kwace dukkan bangarorin aiki a lokaci guda, karka yi kokarin rufe dukkan shafin a lokaci daya a lokaci daya, idan baka da damar hayar kungiyar masu aikin lambu. Ko da yankin ya kasance kaɗan, yawan aikin da za a yi yana da yawa.Yi aiki a hankali, koyaushe bisa ga aikin.
Da farko a shirya karamin gadon fure kusa da ƙofar, kiyaye shi cikin cikakken yanayi. Yana aiki? Sannan ci gaba, sa shimfidar mai tsayi da hannunka, kawo shi zuwa kammala. Kada ku karkace daga babban tsarin, a hankali, mataki-mataki, mallaki dukkan shafin.
Kayan lambu da kayan haɗi
Kujerun Wicker, tebur akan wani shimfidar shimfidar wuri mai dadi a inuwar bishiyoyi, bencin katako tsakanin bishiyun fure, wurin shakatawa mai kyau kusa da kandami tare da nunin alpine zai dace da tsarin shimfidar wuri gaba ɗaya, wanda zai sa ya zama da daɗin morewa.
Siffar ƙananan dabbobi - bushiya, beraye, katantanwa - haruffan almara - gnomes, fairies - za su ba wa lambun lambun asiri, soyayya, da cikar ciki. Yana da mahimmanci cewa a dabi'ance, ba tare da wata matsala ba su dace da yanayin gabaɗaya, har ma sun fi kyau, cewa kowane mutum-mutumi yana da tarihin kansa na mutum a bayyane a cikin lambun ka.
Labarai suna ɗaukar hankali. Ya cika gonar da ruhun rai na musamman ɓoye daga idanuwan idanuwa. Juya fasalin shimfidar wuri na babban gidan ƙasa da hannuwanku zuwa ci gaba da ƙirƙirar kirkirar ... shin hakan zai yiwu? Ee. Kawai dauki lokacinku….
